INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D plays an important regulatory role in skeletal muscle through receptor-dependent pathways, and its deficiency has been associated with several chronic pain disorders. Although handgrip strength is frequently used as a proxy for overall muscular performance, the link between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and muscle strength in individuals diagnosed with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) has not been clearly established. This study investigated whether serum 25(OH)D concentrations are related to handgrip strength in patients with MPS.
METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis included 39 individuals meeting the diagnostic criteria for MPS according to Travell and Simons and who had documented serum 25(OH)D values obtained within the previous six months. Participants were stratified into two groups based on vitamin D status: <20 ng/mL (Group 1, n=23) and ≥20 ng/mL (Group 2, n=16). Demographic features, duration of symptoms, body mass index, occupational status, number of trigger points, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, and grip strength of both hands were assessed.
RESULTS: The mean 25(OH)D level of the cohort was 18.67±10.99 ng/mL. Dominant-hand and nondominant-hand grip strength averaged 21±9.98 kg and 17.33±9.31 kg, respectively. No significant differences were identified between the two vitamin D groups regarding clinical parameters, trigger point counts, VAS scores, or grip strength (p>0.05). While BMI, VAS score, and vitamin D concentrations showed no association with grip strength, an inverse correlation was observed between grip strength and the number of trigger points (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Serum 25(OH)D concentrations did not appear to influence handgrip strength in individuals with myofascial pain syndrome. Larger-scale, prospective, and interventional research is needed to clarify whether vitamin D supplementation may have a role in improving muscle function or clinical outcomes in this patient population.

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the clinical and histopathological findings of breast cancer patients who underwent endometrial sampling and to determine the relationship between endocrine therapy type and abnormal endometrial pathology.
METHODS: This retrospective study included 48 breast cancer patients who underwent endometrial sampling between 2010 and 2021. Clinical data such as age, menopausal status, symptoms, and type/duration of endocrine therapy were recorded. Histopathological results were categorized as normal, benign, premalignant, or malignant. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0, and a p value <0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: The mean age was 55±8.16 years, and 50% of patients were postmenopausal. Tamoxifen was used in 75%, and aromatase inhibitors in 8.3% of patients. Abnormal uterine bleeding was the leading indication for biopsy (85.4%). Benign polyps were the most common abnormality (39.6%), followed by hyperplasia (6.3%) and carcinoma (4.2%). No significant differences in abnormal endometrial pathology were observed between tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitor users (p>0.05). Treatment duration, menopausal status, and receptor profile were not associated with endometrial pathology.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Benign polyps were the most frequent abnormal endometrial findings among breast cancer patients undergoing endometrial sampling, while premalignant and malignant lesions were rare. The type or duration of endocrine therapy did not significantly affect the risk of endometrial pathology. Invasive evaluation should be guided by symptoms rather than routine screening.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive bibliometric overview of the global research landscape concerning Babygram, skeletal survey, and whole-body radiography in pediatric populations between 1980 and 2025.
METHODS: A bibliometric analysis was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection database. The search strategy included the terms (babygram OR “skeletal survey” OR “whole-body radiography” OR “bone survey”) in the Topic (TS) field, combined with (child* OR neonat* OR infant* OR bab* OR newborn*) in the Abstract field. The search covered publications from January 1, 1980, to October 30, 2025. Articles and review articles were included, while meeting abstracts, letters, and other document types were excluded. Data were analyzed using descriptive bibliometric indicators, including publication trends, language distribution, and document types. Keyword co-occurrence and thematic cluster analyses were performed using VOSviewer, and temporal shifts in research focus were evaluated. Publications were also classified according to imaging modalities (radiography, ultrasound, MRI), and trends over predefined time periods were calculated using the total number of publications per period as the denominator.
RESULTS: A total of 424 publications were identified, of which 380 (89.6%) were original articles, and 37 (8.7%) were review articles. The remaining 5 (1.2%) were early-access articles. Most publications were written in English (n=407, 95.99%), followed by German (n=8, 1.88%), French (n=4, 0.94%), Turkish (n=2, 0.47%), Spanish (n=2, 0.47%), and Czech (n=1, 0.24%). The number of publications demonstrated a steady increase after 2010, reflecting growing interest in radiographic imaging for pediatric trauma and forensic applications.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This bibliometric analysis provides the first comprehensive mapping of Babygram-related research over the past 25 years. The results indicate a gradual shift from routine to indication-based imaging, alongside the increasing adoption of ultrasound and MRI as radiation-free alternatives. These findings highlight evolving research priorities, including radiation safety, diagnostic optimization, and the development of evidence-based pediatric imaging guidelines.